Russia has agreed to release four people accused of working for Western intelligence agencies in return for the ten spies.
A New York judge has ordered that the ten Russian spy suspects be expelled immediately from the US and that they never attempt to return.
The ten suspects had pleaded guilty to acting as illegal foreign agents in a New York courtroom.
The suspects accepted a plea bargain that opened the way for a Cold War-style spy swap deal between Russia and the US.
The US Justice Department has confirmed that Russia has agreed to release four prisoners who had been incarcerated for alleged contact with Western intelligence agencies.
Each of the suspects were sentenced to time already served, roughly ten days since their arrests, and each had separate charges of money-laundering dropped.
Speculation had been mounting that the suspects would admit their guilt under a deal that would see them rapidly leave the US, with Russia in turn releasing several convicts jailed for spying for the West.
A lawyer for Igor Sutyagin, a Russian arms expert jailed in 2004 on charges of spying for the CIA, said her client may already have been released and taken to Vienna as part of the swap.
A swap allows Russia and the US to smooth over the diplomatic incident that could harm improving relations.
The ten were arrested on 27 June in an FBI swoop in Boston and the New York and Washington areas.
They are accused of being members of a 'deep-cover' spy ring tasked by the Russian secret service with infiltrating US policymaking circles.
An eleventh suspect, Christopher Metsos, remains at large after vanishing last week in Cyprus following a court decision to release him on bail.
