A survey of Irish towns and cities has found a marked improvement in litter levels.
While the report gives a generally positive assessment, it names Dublin, Maynooth, Naas and Navan as litter blackspots.
Irish litter levels are now only 3% behind the European average.
The survey was carried out by the Environmental Education Unit of An Taisce at the request of Irish Business Against Litter.
IBAL Chairman, Tom Cavanagh, said there was a lot of work needed in Dublin if it was to measure up to European standards.