124 people died while homeless in 2022, according to figures released by the Health Research Board (HRB).
Most of those who died, 81%, were men, while the median age of the men who died was 47 years.
The median age of women who died was 40.5 years.
HRB Chief Executive Dr Gráinne Gorman said that the report highlighted the "complexity of homelessness and the difficulties faced by some of the most vulnerable people in our society".
"The Health Research Board captures and analyses this data to better understand the circumstances of these deaths and provide evidence that informs harm reduction strategies and future policies to help prevent them," she said.
Seventy-one people were alone when they died, while 36 had died in a public space.
Sixteen people had been sleeping rough for a period before their death.
The HRB also said that 47 people who died had ill mental health, while the majority of the deceased (84%) had a history of substance use.
Over one third of deaths were due to poisoning (overdose), and of those where overdose was deemed the cause 84% were men and 16% were women.
The most common type of drugs detected were opioids, followed by benzodiazepines, cocaine, and alcohol.
Cathy Kelleher, Research Officer at HRB, said: "We know from our data that serious medical conditions, problem drug use and mental ill health were still among the additional challenges faced by the people who died while homeless, with many people impacted by more than one of these at the time of death."
The overall figure is slightly lower than in 2021, but 31% higher than in 2019, which Ms Kelleher described as "significant".
'While the circumstances surrounding these deaths are similar to previous years, the increase in the number of people who have died while homeless is significant.
"The HRB will continue to monitor these trends over time and inform policy makers and service providers," she said.
The HRB said that 57% of the deaths were in Dublin, while Cork city and county accounted for 7%.
