Pope Benedict has wound up his four-day visit to Germany by celebrating an open-air mass attended by up to a million young people on the outskirts of Cologne.
The ceremony marked the climax of the Catholic Church's World Youth Day festival.
The visit to his homeland was the first foreign trip since he was elected to the office in April.
He gave a 20-minute homily emphasising a return to Christian basics, calling on young people to turn away from both secularism and new-age spirituality, which he described as a 'do-it-yourself religion'.
