Two Israeli government ministers, Itamar Ben-Gvir and Bezalel Smotrich, have been sanctioned by the UK.
Mr Ben-Gvir, the security minister, and Mr Smotrich, the finance minister in Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's coalition government, will both face a travel ban and see their assets frozen.
The UK Foreign Secretary David Lammy said the two Israeli ministers had been "inciting violence against Palestinian people for months and months and months, they have been encouraging egregious abuses of human rights".
The move comes as the UK and other Western nations such as Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Norway seek to ramp up pressure on Israel's government amid the ongoing war in Gaza.
Israel's foreign affairs minister Gideon Sa'ar said it was "outrageous that elected representatives and members of the government are subjected to these kind of measures".
Mr Smotrich and Mr Ben-Gvir both belong to right-wing parties which help to prop up Mr Netanyahu's fragile coalition government.
Both have been criticised for their hardline stance on the war in Gaza.
Mr Smotrich has campaigned against allowing aid into Gaza, while Mr Ben-Gvir has called for Gaza's people to be resettled from the territory.
The United States denounced the sanctions, saying the UK and other nations should focus instead on the Palestinian armed group Hamas.
Since taking office, President Donald Trump has vowed unstinting support for Israel.
"We find that extremely unhelpful. It will do nothing to get us closer to a ceasefire in Gaza," State Department spokeswoman Tammy Bruce told reporters.
"We remain concerned about any step that would further isolate Israel from the international community," she said.
She added that the focus should instead be on "the real culprit", which she said was Hamas.
"If our allies want to help, they should focus on supporting Special Envoy (Steve) Witkoff's negotiations and backing the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation when it comes to food and aid," Ms Bruce added.
The Gaza Humanitarian Foundation has distributed aid in coordination with the Israeli military, an effort criticized by the United Nations and longstanding aid groups which say it violates humanitarian principles.
Additional reporting by AFP.
