Russia's main Kremlin critic Alexei Navalny was back in court for allegedly defaming a World War II veteran, after being ordered to prison in another case that sparked global outrage and mass protests in his country.
The hearing came a little over one week after the 44-year-old opposition leader, a persistent thorn in President Vladimir Putin's flesh, was sentenced to serve nearly three years in jail.
The anti-corruption campaigner appeared in a glass cage for defendants at Moscow's Babushkinsky district court wearing his trademark blue hoodie, an AFP journalist reported.
Heavily-armed riot police surrounded the court and set up cordons outside.
Mr Navalny is accused of describing people - including the 94-year-old veteran - who appeared in a video promoting Kremlin-backed constitutional reforms as "the shame of the country" and "traitors" last June.
The charges currently carry a maximum penalty of two years behind bars.
During a theatrical trial, the opposition figure sparred with the judge and prosecutor and mocked the veteran's grandson. The judge repeatedly reprimanded Mr Navalny for his behaviour.
His lawyer Olga Mikhailova called on the court to allow media in the courtroom and accused the judge of bias, asking that she be removed from overseeing the hearing.
"Stop shaming yourself and enrol in some courses to improve your knowledge of the laws of the Russian Federation," Mr Navalny said.
Later, he again accused the veteran's grandson of "selling out" his grandfather.
When the prosecutor began reading out the frail veteran's testimony, the court heard a detailed description of his wartime experiences in Soviet-era Belarus.
When Mr Navalny interjected, saying the veteran's memoirs had nothing to do with the proceedings, the prosecutor continued to read.
"You took this unfortunate pensioner, using the fact that he doesn't understand anything," Mr Navalny said.
The trial was adjourned with the next hearing scheduled for Tuesday 16 February.
Last week a different Moscow court turned Mr Navalny's 2014 suspended sentence into real jail time, ordering him to serve two years and eight months in prison.
His lawyers said they had filed an appeal, which will be considered by a court on 20 February.
Russia's penitentiary service had accused Mr Navalny of breaking the conditions of a suspended sentence for fraud by not checking in with authorities while he was recovering from a nerve agent poisoning attack in Germany - an attempt on his life that Mr Navalny says was ordered by Mr Putin.
Mr Navalny's arrest on arrival back in Russia last month sparked nationwide protests that saw more than 10,000 people detained and led to allegations of police abuse.
