The Government motion of confidence in Tánaiste Simon Harris has been passed after 94 TDs voted in favour and 65 against.
Before the vote, Aontú leader Peadar Tóibín defended tabling the original motion of no-confidence in Mr Harris.
"If the death of a child, if the continuous painful suffering of a child, of hundreds of children, if the disablement of hundreds of children is not reason enough for a motion of confidence, what the hell is?" Mr Tóibín said.
Sinn Féin leader Mary Lou McDonald told the Dáil she has no confidence in the Tánaiste, adding that the families "let down" by him have no confidence either.
Mr Harris said that he has never claimed to be infallible and does not get everything right, but he said he always acted in good faith.
He told the Dáil that he was very conscious of the tragic death of Harvey Morrison, and he had expressed that to his parents.
Mr Harris also said that the Government was working on the structure of an inquiry into scoliosis and spina bifida services, and he would have further meetings with Harvey's parents.
Earlier, Aontú leader Peadar Tóibín has accused the Government of being "incredibly cynical" by bringing forward a motion of confidence in the Tánaiste Simon Harris to this week.
The move by the Government pre-empts his party's plan to table a no-confidence motion in Mr Harris next week.
Speaking on RTÉ's Morning Ireland, he said that Aontú was not playing politics by putting down such a motion in the last week of the presidential campaign.
He added his party had said during the summer that it would take such action at the first opportunity.
Mr Tóibín said his party "may" put down a no confidence motion in the Government next week as a result of the Coalition's decision.
Mr Tóibín said that Mr Harris had failed significantly to deliver on the promise he made when he was Minister for Health, that children would not wait longer than four months for a scoliosis operation.
He spoke too about what he termed a "crisis" in Children's Health Ireland (CHI) and the death of nine-year-old Harvey Morrison during the summer.
Harvey, who had spina bifida and scoliosis, died in July and he had experienced many delays in accessing urgent scoliosis surgery over the course of his life.
Mr Harris and Minister for Health Jennifer Carroll MacNeill met Harvey's parents in recent weeks.
The Government has pointed out that it is committed to establishing an inquiry into spina bifida and scoliosis services at CHI.
It is now working with parent advocates to agree on the structure of this inquiry.
The Government has been actively engaging with advocacy groups on the scope of the inquiry.
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Minister Carroll MacNeill met families yesterday and a follow up meeting is being arranged to discuss options.
The Government has the numbers to comfortably vote through this confidence motion but not before its record on children's health is severely criticised by the Opposition in the Dáil this evening.
Mr Tóibín said the motion of no confidence in Mr Harris was a lever to get justice for children who need treatment for scoliosis.
"The context of this is children, hundreds of them, who have been disastrously treated by the state, and a Government who has failed utterly in terms of their responsibilities, and CHI [Children's Health Ireland] that is descended into dysfunction over that period of time.
"We, as a party, want to pull every lever we can in Leinster House to make sure one, there's justice for Harvey, and two, there's justice and treatment for every other child who's suffering at the moment," Mr Tóibín said.
Minister for Culture, Communications and Sport Patrick O'Donovan said the confidence motion is an
opportunity for the Government to lay out in clear terms what has been done and will be done for children's health.
It is also important that we deal with Mr Harris's record and some of the issues that have been raised by Aontú, he said.
Speaking on RTÉ's Today with Claire Byrne, he said there have been failures in children's health care but that there have also been huge strides made over the last number of years.
As a parent I want to see improvements made across the board, he added.
If there was still to be a motion of no confidence in the Tánaiste next week, then it would appear that Peader Tóibín is more interested in playing politics than children's health, he said.
