Ireland currently has the fourth most ambitious offshore wind expansion programme in the European Union.
The target is to build enough new wind farms offshore to generate five gigawatts of electricity by 2030.
This would be enough electricity for about 2 million homes, which would come from new wind turbines located in the Irish Sea.
It is a greater amount of new offshore wind capacity than bigger European countries - including France, Spain, Portugal and Belgium - are planning to build by 2030.
Only Germany, the Netherlands and Denmark say they will build more.
But those three countries have larger electricity markets and well-established offshore wind sectors already. So, it is easier for them to grow.
The Government's plan, after 2030, is to deliver 20 gigawatts of offshore wind energy by 2040 and at least 37 gigawatts in total by 2050.
Initially, that means an immediate quadrupling of the country's offshore wind energy ambition.
It also means that 15 years from now, Ireland should have enough capacity in its offshore wind farms to supply electricity for 8 million homes.
Ten years later in 2050, the target is enough electricity for 15 million homes.
The targets could be considered outrageously ambitious, especially since the Government is relying on private sector energy companies to invest billions of their own money to build them.
Offshore wind is delivering only a very tiny amount of electricity right now.
The 25-megawatt Arklow Bank Wind Park, the only offshore wind farm in the country, is 21 years old and scheduled for dismantling in the months ahead.
At its peak, Arklow was only ever capable of supplying electricity for about 10,000 homes, a minuscule amount compared to the scale of the new targets.
In effect, the development of Ireland's offshore wind sector is starting from zero right now.
This is why the targets are so enormously ambitious and such a major challenge to deliver.
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Yet, it is essential that the national plan succeeds and the offshore wind energy is delivered on schedule.
Failure to do so would make it impossible for Ireland to meet its legally binding greenhouse gas reduction targets.
The Fiscal Advisory Council and the Climate Change Advisory Council recently both analysed the cost of such a failure.
Ireland's offshore wind prospects are among the best in the world.
Although that potential has not been exploited to date, the country has a well established reputation for doing wind energy well.
Already, 35% of the country’s electricity comes from wind farms - the highest proportion in Europe.
On some days, Irish wind farms supply as much as 75% of the country’s electricity needs - the highest in the world.
But that is only from the wind farms positioned on land, like onshore on hills and bogs and rural locations around the country.
The prize, however, for fully tapping into Ireland's offshore wind resources and achieving the associated renewable energy targets is huge.
It is not only about living up to the nation's climate obligations or enabling an essential transformation to a carbon neutral economy.
It is also about energy security and not having to fork out billions of euros of hard-earned cash every year to foreign fossil fuel producers and petrostates, whose values and aims we do not share.
Russia's invasion of Ukraine showed everyone that relying on imported fossil fuels can cause nations and their economies to be very highly exposed and vulnerable.
It underscored too, how a nation's independence and security is stronger when it develops its own native energy resources, which in Ireland’s case includes offshore wind.
Yet it is jobs, the rejuvenation of communities and the prospect of transformational economic development that many find most appealing about offshore wind.
The industry is promising tens of thousands of new jobs and billions of euros worth of new investment opportunities.
That could mean transformational local and community development in many coastal regions by 2030 and for many years beyond.
"Offshore wind is a new opportunity for us to capitalise on what we already do well"
Offshore wind energy jobs
The Managing Director of ASL, a safety and training company based in Arklow, Co Wicklow that provides offshore skills training certified by the Global Wind Organisation, said the need for people to work in the industry will be huge.
Mark Corcoran added that there is going to be a shortage of skilled operators.
"The key will be to make sure we can transition people from other industries, to get them on board, people like electricians, people that work with a mechanical background to work as technicians," he said.
The head of faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment at SETU in Co Carlow said the college is in a prime position to leverage the training it is doing already.
SETU is a college with a long history of training aircraft mechanics, aerospace and flight test engineers - the kind of skills that will be in big demand when the offshore wind industry gets up and running.
Dr Francis Hardiman said the institution is "not coming from a low base", adding "we pump out the best of engineers, technicians, apprentices, and planners".
She said: "We are one of the most innovative countries in the world and that's across all the universities.
"Offshore wind is a new opportunity for us to capitalise on what we already do well."
It is estimated that offshore wind could bring 60,000 additional full-time equivalent years of employment by 2040, equating to about 8,600 full-time jobs in an average year.
Many of these additional jobs will come in the construction phase, including tower and substructure foundation, manufacturing and other related areas.
There will also be a lot of workers employed in the ongoing operation and maintenance of offshore wind farms.
A Skills Assessment Report for Green Tech Skillnet and Wind Energy Ireland said meeting Ireland’s offshore wind energy target would provide work for 42 different job roles, including work for thousands of engineers and technicians, planners, ecologists, builders, designers, accountants and lawyers.
That report highlighted many parallel industries, such as marine and engineering, in which workers already have skillsets that are easily transferable to offshore wind energy development.
Scaling up
It also estimated offshore wind opportunities could be worth €38 billion to the Irish economy by 2050.
For all this to happen, the development and expansion of Ireland's ports and harbours is vital and urgent.
As matters currently stand, Ireland's ports are not equipped to facilitate the construction, operation, maintenance and servicing of the offshore wind farms.
Rosslare Europort is leading the national efforts to establish an offshore renewable energy hub, with the potential to create up to 2,000 jobs.
A redevelopment plan for Rosslare Europort to facilitate offshore wind farm construction, and associated operations and maintenance services is currently being progressed.
The port also recently signed an agreement with Norway's offshore developers, Source Galileo, to explore opportunities for the further development of its facilities.
The Port of Cork is a deepwater port and it is also determined offshore wind will be part of its future and is preparing fast.
A new €90 million port expansion is under way at the port to facilitate the assembly of offshore wind turbine component parts, including a new 200-metre-long quay wall which will be finished this year as well as a 35-acre assembly and storage area for turbines.
Cork Port Chief Executive Anne Doherty said it is important that the offshore wind industry has full confidence that the infrastructure will be in place with the capability and capacity to service the industry when it commences.
Waterford Port is also keen to play a part, particularly in relation to the construction support for the windfarm developers.
However, Chief Executive David Sinnott said the port is not ready yet.
"We're practicing. We're developing skills within the port. We're getting all our employees here used to dealing with energy components, onshore wind generators, transformers, and all types of equipment," he said.
"We are expecting to get consent shortly to develop another 250 metres of quay and we will dedicate that to the offshore renewables business," he added.
Further up the east coast in Co Louth, Doyle Shipping Group owns and operates Greenore Port, which is the only privately owned port in the country.
Their closest offshore wind farm will be just 10km away and the furthest will be 34km away.
They have detailed plans now to invest €30 million to build three 17,000 square foot buildings on site that will serve as head offices, as well as command and control centres for offshore wind farm operators.
They are also going to build a 12-birth pontoon arrangement for 12 crew transfer vessels that will go out every single day with 25 engineers on board to maintain the wind farms.
Their calculations suggest the jobs this will bring will deliver about €500m in payroll to their region over the lifespan of the facility.
