A constitutional challenge against Australia's social media ban on children younger than 16 has been filed in the nation's highest court, two weeks before the world-first law is set to take effect.
A campaign group called the Digital Freedom Project said it launched proceedings in the High Court of Australia in a bid to block the law, with two 15-year-olds, Noah Jones and Macy Neyland, as plaintiffs in the case.
More than one million accounts held by teenagers under 16 are set to be deactivated in Australia when the ban on platforms including YouTube, TikTok, Snapchat and Meta's Facebook and Instagram starts on 10 December.
In a statement, the Digital Freedom Project said the ban "robs" young Australians of their freedom of political communication, an implied right in the constitution. Australia does not have an express right to free speech.
"The legislation is grossly excessive," the statement said.
Ms Neyland said the law would ban young people from expressing their views online.
"Young people like me are the voters of tomorrow ... we shouldn't be silenced. It's like Orwell's book '1984', and that scares me," she said.
The Digital Freedom Project's president is John Ruddick, a member of the Libertarian Party in the New South Wales state Parliament.
After news of the legal challenge broke, Communications Minister Anika Wells told parliament the centre-left government, led by Prime Minister Anthony Albanese, would not be intimidated by threats and legal challenges.
"Despite the fact that we are receiving threats and legal challenges by people with ulterior motives, the Albanese Labour government remains steadfastly on the side of parents, and not of platforms," Ms Wells said.
Australian media has reported that YouTube also threatened to launch a High Court challenge on the grounds the ban burdened political communication.
Governments and tech firms around the world are closely watching Australia's effort to implement the ban, one of the most comprehensive efforts to police minors' social media access.
The ban was passed into law in November 2024 and is supported by the majority of Australians, according to opinion polling.
The government said research showed the over-use of social media was harming young teens, including causing misinformation, enabling bullying and harmful depictions of body image.
Companies that fail to comply with the ban could face penalties of up to A$49.5 million (€27.8 million).
EU parliament agrees on social media minimum age resolution
Meanwhile, the European Parliament has agreed on a resolution which calls for a default minimum age of 16 on social media to ensure "age-appropriate online engagement".
According to a draft published in October, the legislation asked for "the establishment of a harmonised European digital age limit of 16 years old as the default threshold under which access to online social media platforms should not be allowed unless parents or guardians have authorised their children otherwise".
It also called for a harmonised European digital age limit of 13, under which no minor could access social media platforms, and an age limit of 13 for video-sharing services and "AI companions".
The parliament resolution is not legally binding and does not set policy.
Speaking on his way into Cabinet earlier, Tánaiste Simon Harris said implementing a minimum age in relation to accessing social media could be considered in Ireland.
