Social Justice Ireland's study suggests that if tax credits were made refundable, more than 110,000 people on low incomes would benefit.
The Department of Finance had previously estimated that a tax refund would cost the State €3bn.
Social Justice Ireland claims that the cost of this to the State would be €140m.
The report titled 'Building a Fairer Tax System' advocates that it would improve the living standards of a substantial number of people in Ireland.
Read the report